Myopia: A vision condition where distant objects appear blurry

Myopia, commonly known as nearsightedness, is a vision condition where distant objects appear blurry, while close-up objects remain clear. Myopia is increasingly common worldwide, particularly among children and young adults. Here’s a quick guide to understanding myopia, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

What Causes Myopia?

Myopia occurs when the eye grows too long or the cornea curves too steeply, causing light to focus in front of the retina rather than directly on it. This improper focus leads to blurry distance vision. Factors contributing to myopia include:

• Genetics – Myopia tends to run in families.

• Lifestyle Factors – Prolonged near tasks like reading or using digital screens may contribute to myopia, especially in children.

• Environmental Factors – Limited outdoor time has been linked to increased rates of myopia in children.

Symptoms

Common signs and symptoms of myopia include:

• Blurry vision when looking at distant objects

• Frequent squinting or eye strain

• Headaches due to eye strain

• Difficulty seeing road signs or classroom boards

If you notice these symptoms, it’s important to schedule an eye exam to determine if you or your child needs corrective lenses.

Diagnosing Myopia

Myopia is diagnosed during a comprehensive eye exam, which includes a visual acuity test to assess how well you see at various distances. An optometrist or ophthalmologist may also perform a refraction test to determine the appropriate corrective lens prescription if myopia is confirmed.

Treatment Options for Myopia

Treatment for myopia aims to correct vision and reduce further progression. Options include:

• Eyeglasses – The most common and straightforward solution for correcting myopic vision.

• Contact Lenses – Provide clear vision without the need for glasses and are suitable for many myopia patients.

• Orthokeratology (Ortho-K) – Specially designed rigid contact lenses worn overnight to temporarily reshape the cornea, allowing clear daytime vision without glasses or contacts.

• Atropine Eye Drops – Low-dose atropine drops can slow myopia progression in children, especially when used alongside lifestyle changes.

• Myopia Control Spectacle Lenses - Myopia control glasses are special lenses designed to slow down the progression of short-sightedness in children by gently managing how light focuses on the retina. They provide clear vision and long-term protection for growing eyes.

• LASIK and Other Refractive Surgeries – For adults with stable prescriptions, laser surgery reshapes the cornea to correct myopic vision permanently.

Myopia Control and Prevention

Myopia, is a growing visual condition that often begins in childhood and tends to worsen as the eye continues to grow. Research shows that increased near work (such as screen use and reading), reduced time spent outdoors, and genetic predisposition are key factors contributing to its progression. If left unmanaged, high myopia can increase the risk of future eye complications, including retinal detachment, glaucoma, and macular degeneration.

At our practice, we offer a personalised approach to myopia control, using clinically proven methods to help slow down its progression. These include myopia control spectacle lenses, specialised soft contact lenses, and regular axial length monitoring. Each treatment plan is tailored to the child’s age, lifestyle, and level of myopia, with continuous support and monitoring to protect long-term visual health.

• Spending Time Outdoors – Studies show that outdoor play can help slow the progression of myopia in children.

• Limiting Screen Time – Reducing prolonged near work, such as screen time, helps support better visual development.

• Regular Eye Exams – Early detection allows for timely intervention and myopia control options.

Myopia is a common, manageable vision condition that can be easily corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or other treatments. Regular eye exams, especially for children, are essential for early detection and effective myopia management. If you or your child are experiencing blurry vision, consult an eye care professional to discuss the best options for clear sight and long-term eye health.